Article: AutoHotKey 2.0

AutoHotkey v2.0 Migration Notes

Introduction

AutoHotkey (AHK) is a free, open-source scripting language for Windows that allows users to automate tasks, create custom keyboard shortcuts, and build lightweight utilities. It can be downloaded from https://www.autohotkey.com/.

AutoHotkey v2.0 marks a major evolution in the scripting language, bringing it closer to conventional programming standards. This article summarizes key differences from v1.1, offers practical migration advice, and shares personal insights from a recent conversion experience.

Syntax Improvements

• Hotkeys are now functions, with their code enclosed in curly braces (unless single-line).
• Literal strings must use double quotes.
• Commas and percent signs are gone — cleaner syntax overall.
• Examples:
  • Send("{RButton Down}")
  • KeyWait("RButton")
  • activeClass := WinGetClass("A") (“A” means Active Window)

Think in terms of C, C#, or even VB.NET — with real variables, functions, and objects.

Key Differences to Watch

• := is for assignment, = is for comparison.
• Arrays are now 1-based.

Migration Strategy

Manual conversion is entirely doable. Here's a recommended approach:

1. Replace all /* ... */ block comments with line comments.
2. Install AutoHotkey v2.0 — do not allow it to install v1.1.
3. Take your v1.1 script and wrap it in a giant comment block using /* at the top and */ at the bottom.
4. Iteratively move the /* line downward, fixing issues as AHK v2.0 reports them.

This method avoids juggling two files and allows partial execution of converted code immediately.

Best Practices

• Include #Warn in your header for better feedback.
• Use static variables for local state — avoid global unless truly necessary.
• Take advantage of AHK’s built-in Help system — it supports multiple windows for side-by-side reference.

Recommended Header Settings

#Requires AutoHotkey 2.0    ; Heavily relying on the improved syntax rules
#Warn                       ; Enable warnings to assist with script writing
;#NoTrayIcon                 ; Suppress tray icon for background utilities
#SingleInstance force       ; Ensures only one instance of the script is running
SendMode "Input"            ; Preferred for speed and reliability
SetTitleMatchMode(2)        ; Allows partial window title matching

Closing Thoughts

AutoHotkey v2.0 is a leap forward in clarity, consistency, and capability. While the transition requires effort, the payoff is a cleaner, more maintainable scripting environment. This article reflects my own journey — and I hope it helps others take the leap with confidence.